By Usen Johnson
The World Press Freedom Day celebrated annually on May 3rd, holds great significance in recognizing the vital role of a free and independent press in a democratic society. The origin of this day dates back to 1993 when the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed it as a day to raise awareness about the importance of press freedom and to remind governments of their duty to uphold the right to freedom of expression.
The need for an independent press in a democratic society cannot be overstated. A free press serves as a watchdog, holding those in power accountable and providing citizens with access to information that is essential for making informed decisions. Without a free press, democracy cannot truly thrive, as the ability to freely exchange ideas and information is a cornerstone of any democratic system.
In many countries, the legal framework that guarantees an independent Press is enshrined in constitutions or laws that protect freedom of speech and freedom of the press. Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, for example, recognizes the right to freedom of opinion and expression, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information through any media.
In Nigeria,Freedom of the Press is guaranteed and enshrined under the Fundamental Objectives and Directive Principles of the State Policy pursuant to Chapter two(2) Section 22 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as Amended).
This section however holds that “The press, radio, television and other agencies of the mass media shall at all times be free to uphold the fundamental objectives contained in this Chapter and uphold the responsibility and accountability of the Government to the people.”
On a related development, Section 39 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria( as Amended) guarantees freedom of Expression as a fundamental Human Rights in Nigera.
However, despite these legal protections, press freedom is under threat in many parts of the world. Journalists facing censorship, intimidation, harassment, and even violence for reporting on sensitive issues or holding those in power accountable. It is essential that governments and citizens alike continue to advocate for press freedom and work to ensure that journalists carry out their work without fear of retribution.
As we celebrate World Press Freedom Day, let us remember the historicity of this all important day, the need for an independent press in a democratic society, and the laws that guarantees Press freedom. Let us stand in solidarity with journalists around the world who work tirelessly to bring us the news and information we need to make informed decisions and hold our leaders accountable. Press freedom is a fundamental human right that must be protected and upheld for the sake of democracy and the well-being of society as a whole.
